Testes & epididymis inflamation

Inflammation

•         More common in epididymis than in testis

•         Four major specific types

–       Gonorrhea.

–       T.B. (mostly involve the epididymis).

–       Mumps.

–       Syphilis (affect first the testis).

Gonorrhea

•         Caused by Neisseria gonorrhea microorganism.

•         Extension of infection from first the posterior urethra to the prostate, seminal vesicles & then to the epididymis.

•         Causes epididymal abscess with extensive destruction.

Tuberculosis

•         Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

•         Almost invariably begins in epididymis & may spread to the testis.

•         Usually secondary extension from prostate or seminal vesicle.

•         Causing granulomatous inflammation with caseation.  

Mumps

•         It is a systemic viral disease that commonly affecting school-aged children.

•         Testicular involvement is extremely uncommon in this age group.

•         In post puberty 20 - 30 % of cases can involve the testis one week after the onset of parotid swelling.

Syphilis

•         Caused by Treponema pallidium.

•         Almost invariably affecting testis.

•         Either produce gamma (granuloma) or diffused interstitial inflammation with endarteritis obliterance & perivascular cuffing by lymphocytes & plasma cells.